Year 2022, Issue 2
Date published24.6.2022
Table of content
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Sofia Benjakik, Badr Habba
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER DUALITY AND BANK EFFICIENCY: EVIDENCE FROM AFRICAN BANKING SECTORSummary: per investigates the relationship between CEO duality (one person serving the role of both Chief Executive Officer and chairman of the board) and bank efficiency using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). The present study adds to the existing literature by employing panel data of large commercial banks of Africa from 2016-2019. The ... ... This paper investigates the relationship between CEO duality (one person serving the role of both Chief Executive Officer and chairman of the board) and bank efficiency using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). The present study adds to the existing literature by employing panel data of large commercial banks of Africa from 2016-2019. The paper con¬cludes that CEO duality contributes positively to the bank efficiency of the selected commercial banks in Africa. This finding reveals that dual role has a positive and significant influence towards efficiency in commercial banks. -
Hrabrin Bashev
AN APPROACH TO UNDERSTANDING AND ASSESSING THE GOVERNANCE EFFICIENCY OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISESSummary: ticle incorporates the New Institutional Economy and proposes an approach for understanding and assessing the governance efficiency of farms. It corroborates that a farm is efficient if it manages all its transactions and activities in the most economical (equal or more efficient) way compared to any other organization. Moreover ... ... This article incorporates the New Institutional Economy and proposes an approach for understanding and assessing the governance efficiency of farms. It corroborates that a farm is efficient if it manages all its transactions and activities in the most economical (equal or more efficient) way compared to any other organization. Moreover, farms must have a good potential to adapt to permanently changing market, institutional, technological and natural environments in order to have high (overall) governance efficiency. Nature of the problems in effective organization for the main farm transactions for securing needed factors of production and output realization is used as an indicator for farm’s comparative efficiency. The analysis of survey data found that the overall level of governance efficiency of Bulgarian farms is acceptable the efficiency of 60% of them is low. There are huge differences in the level of efficiency of farms of different legal form, size, specialization and location as well as in the share of farms with different levels of efficiency in each group. Keywords: governance, efficiency, farm, transaction costs. -
Venelin Boshnakov, Mariya Kazakova
THE USE OF DIGITAL SERVICES BY BULGARIA’S POPULATION: MAJOR PREREQUISITES, TRENDS AND REGIONAL DIMENSIONSSummary: italization of administrative processes and providing electronic services in Bulgaria has undoubtedly led to an increase of the administrative capacity not only of central but also of local organs of authority. At the same time, the differences in the levels of digital knowledge, skills and competences among Bulgaria’s regions h ... ... The digitalization of administrative processes and providing electronic services in Bulgaria has undoubtedly led to an increase of the administrative capacity not only of central but also of local organs of authority. At the same time, the differences in the levels of digital knowledge, skills and competences among Bulgaria’s regions have caused a certain disturbance in the offered digital services. The article aims at presenting some major trends in the dynamics of selected indicators which reflect the development of digitalization in the public sector. A specific focus is placed on the regional dimensions of these processes, assuming that local authorities face much more serious challenges in this respect compared to central state organs. -
Lubomir Lubenov
BUDGET FOR MARKETING STIMULATION OF REGIONAL BEE PRODUCTS ON THE BASIS OF VALUESummary: of the research is to propose a budget for marketing stimulation of bee products in the Ruse district on the basis of value. The regional bee farms shall integrate among each other to form solid organization for the development of products of high added value, respectively, for the accumulation of a solid budget for the most ef ... ... The aim of the research is to propose a budget for marketing stimulation of bee products in the Ruse district on the basis of value. The regional bee farms shall integrate among each other to form solid organization for the development of products of high added value, respectively, for the accumulation of a solid budget for the most efficient communication tools. The budget for marketing stimulation on the basis of value shall be treated as an investment in value communications regarding the demanded, the promised and the desired value by consumers. When public relations (PR) on the basis of value are not carried out well, a larger budget will be necessary for the remaining tools of the communication mix (advertisement, personal sales, sales stimulation, etc.); on the other hand, their efficiency will be lower. Direct marketing (DM) has the capacity to create added value, to offer it and to communicate it to the customers on the basis of value in unison with the marketing tools. The organization of bee farms shall form a virtual community which in the course of time will collect information about the needs of the consumers, turning into a community with value. It will direct the organization not only towards the value communication via PR and DM, but also towards improving the products, the supplies, the prices and, as a whole, towards improving the customers’ service and satisfaction. -
Martin Harizanov
PERSPECTIVE SPATIAL MODEL FOR SUSTAINABLE REDIVISION INTO REGIONS AND PROVIDING FOR BULGARIA’S REGIONAL DEVELOPMENTSummary: in mind the process of depopulation of Bulgaria’s North-west region, the planning and further worsening of the socio-economic indicators of the region necessitate taking actions for the redivision of the NUTS 2 regions. The need of differentiating new division into regions is determined by the high degree of the region’s laggin ... ... Bearing in mind the process of depopulation of Bulgaria’s North-west region, the planning and further worsening of the socio-economic indicators of the region necessitate taking actions for the redivision of the NUTS 2 regions. The need of differentiating new division into regions is determined by the high degree of the region’s lagging in key socio-economic factors such as: transport infrastructure, demographic characteristics, GDP per capita, average gross salary, etc. The proposed model for division of Bulgaria’s regions preserves in the long run the number of citizens in the level 2 regions set in the normative base and allows the differentiation of five regional centers. This means that in a case of lack of force majeure circumstances in the socio-economic aspect in the country, we can achieve economic integration among the regions and development of regional policy for the purposes of the implementation of financial securing of the development of the lagging regions, which as of this moment, encompass the planned North-west region.