Economic Archive

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  A LIQUIDITY ASSESSMENT OF THE BULGARIAN BANKING SYSTEM (2009–2013)

  Liquidity is of great significance for the stability of credit institutions and the banking system as a whole. In normal circumstances, the capital adequacy of banks is determined as a key factor for stability. But, during economic crisis, the susceptibility of credit institutions to a shortage of available cash resources in order to cover ... Liquidity is of great significance for the stability of credit institutions and the banking system as a whole. In normal circumstances, the capital adequacy of banks is determined as a key factor for stability. But, during economic crisis, the susceptibility of credit institutions to a shortage of available cash resources in order to cover depositors’ withdrawals is intensified. This directs our attention toward effective liquidity management. Financial cataclysms on a global scale caused by the crisis in the USA during 2007, and the speedy “infection” of the economies of the developed countries showed that gaps in the management of financial institutions can lead to considerable losses on a world-wide scale. The aim of this study is to assess the liquidity situation of the Bulgarian banking system based on generally accessible (public) information by applying ratio analysis tools. Through the use of key indicators of liquidity assessment, the trends in its development for 2007-2013 are presented. A general assessment of the liquidity situation for banks in Bulgaria is outlined.

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  NEW GENERATION SYSTEMS FOR ELECTRONIC BUSINESS AND ELECTRONIC PAYMENTS

  The concept of new generation electronic business (e-Busi¬ness 2.0, Social Business) refers to companies which integrate social technologies and instruments in all business processes, i.e. internal as well as external ( clients, suppliers, business partners), and in this way overcome many of the traditional organisational barriers which slow down ... The concept of new generation electronic business (e-Busi¬ness 2.0, Social Business) refers to companies which integrate social technologies and instruments in all business processes, i.e. internal as well as external ( clients, suppliers, business partners), and in this way overcome many of the traditional organisational barriers which slow down the exchange of information and collaboration. The first part of the article studies the basic characteristics of the new generation of electronic business systems which were formed under the influ-ence of Web 2.0, social media, mobile technologies and cloud calculations. The article also tries to outline the changes in the three main spheres of elec-tronic business: the use of Web 2.0 technologies for managing internal corporate communication, the design and development of new products and knowledge management (the Internet environment), corporate communication and interaction with external partners and clients (Extranet environment, B2M model) and electronic trade (online stores, B2C model). The second part of the article analyses the possibilities and advantages provided by modern technologies for developing electronic payments, i.e. the use of debit and credit cards, contactless payments, mobile banking and bitcoins.

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  AN ANATOMY OF MONETARY EQUILIBRIUM IN THE ECONOMY

  Monetary equilibrium often indicates stability in an econ¬omy. Most economic disturbances, at any stage of development, stem from breaking the equality between money and the value of goods. The focus of this paper is therefore on the analysis of monetary equilibrium within the context of the quantity theory of money and within the context of ... Monetary equilibrium often indicates stability in an econ¬omy. Most economic disturbances, at any stage of development, stem from breaking the equality between money and the value of goods. The focus of this paper is therefore on the analysis of monetary equilibrium within the context of the quantity theory of money and within the context of contempo¬rary dimensions of economic systems that are, or are not exposed to shocks. The effect of interest and return is examined so as to defend the thesis that breaking monetary equilibrium is almost invariably the result of the subjective decisions of economic agents.