Economic Archive

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  THE NEW EUROPEAN CUSTOMS REFORM – OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES

  The customs system of the EU serves as a guardian of the single market, but in recent years, it has been subjected to increased stress due to the rapid growth in trade volume, challenges posed by e-commerce, and the growing number of standards regarding goods that need to be tracked at the borders. As a result, in early May 2023, the European ... The customs system of the EU serves as a guardian of the single market, but in recent years, it has been subjected to increased stress due to the rapid growth in trade volume, challenges posed by e-commerce, and the growing number of standards regarding goods that need to be tracked at the borders. As a result, in early May 2023, the European Commission proposed a reform project aimed at simplifying the customs procedures by reducing bureaucracy and increasing transparency while simultaneously strengthening the protection of the EU's financial and non-financial interests. The changes can be described as revolutionary or even too ambitious, but if successful, the reform would mark the beginning of a new approach to customs control without parallel on a global scale. Every change brings new opportunities, but it can also give rise to a range of problems. In this regard, it is important to be well-prepared to maximize the benefits of the former and adequately respond to and even prevent the latter.

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  SMALL AND MEDIUM SIZED ENTERPRISES MANAGEMENT AND BUSINESS IN CRISIS CONDITIONS

  Background: This study examines the management of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in crisis conditions, with a focus on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. It aims to identify strategies and best practices for enhancing SME resilience and sustainability. Methods: The research adopts a comprehensive literature review approach, analyzing ... Background: This study examines the management of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in crisis conditions, with a focus on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. It aims to identify strategies and best practices for enhancing SME resilience and sustainability. Methods: The research adopts a comprehensive literature review approach, analyzing previous studies and reports on SME management during crises. It also incorporates case studies and empirical data to provide practical insights. Results: The analysis reveals that SMEs face unique challenges during crises, such as disrupted supply chains, reduced consumer demand, and financial constraints. However, innovative solutions, collaboration among stake-holders, and supportive government policies have played a crucial role in enabling SMEs to adapt and recover. Conclusions: Based on the findings, it is evident that effective manage-ment practices, including adaptation, digital transformation, financial manage-ment, and crisis planning, are vital for SME survival and growth in crisis conditions. Collaboration and networking among SMEs, along with supportive government policies, contribute to collective recovery and sustainability. The study underscores the importance of ongoing research and development in SME crisis management, with a focus on resilience-building strategies, sustainable business models, and addressing the psychological well-being of SME stakeholders.

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  METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF TEACHING CIRCULAR ECONOMY

  Circular economy is a new area of academic knowledge, which requires the development of both new learning content and elaboration of the methodology used in teaching the subject matter. This paper supports the view that the educational process comprises several key components that work together to facilitate effective teaching and learning. These ... Circular economy is a new area of academic knowledge, which requires the development of both new learning content and elaboration of the methodology used in teaching the subject matter. This paper supports the view that the educational process comprises several key components that work together to facilitate effective teaching and learning. These components may vary depending on the broader context and the specific objectives and approaches used. Thus, when planning the circular economy teaching process, it is essential to formulate what we want to achieve (learning objectives) in the specific context of the subject taught. On this basis, the paper aims to present in a discussion plan the main components of the methodology for academic teaching on the problems of the circular economy.