Economic Archive

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  INNOVATIVE METHODS TO MEASURE THE MARKET RISK OF THE FOREX MARKET

  The impact of market risk on the performance of economic agents is significant. The focus of this study is on the various models and techniques to quantify the market risk of the FOREX market. The results from the empirical testing of Monte Carlo simulation models, VaR, CVaR, MVaR, VaR historical simulation, and Delta Normal VaR indicate the ... The impact of market risk on the performance of economic agents is significant. The focus of this study is on the various models and techniques to quantify the market risk of the FOREX market. The results from the empirical testing of Monte Carlo simulation models, VaR, CVaR, MVaR, VaR historical simulation, and Delta Normal VaR indicate the presence of market risk in the Foreign exchange market. Of these models, the simulation model is the best measure of market risk. Historical simulation and Delta Normal VaR, on the other hand, help diversify risk by building investment portfolios.

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  THE IMPACT OF COMMERCIAL BANKS ON CONVERGENCE IN THE EUROPEAN UNION

  The paper traces the impact of the international, systematically important banks on the state and phenomena observed in the European Union. It comes to the conclusion that international commercial banks further strengthen the convergence in the banking systems of the member states. In the process of disclosure of these relationships, the ... The paper traces the impact of the international, systematically important banks on the state and phenomena observed in the European Union. It comes to the conclusion that international commercial banks further strengthen the convergence in the banking systems of the member states. In the process of disclosure of these relationships, the macroeconomic factors in the European Union have also been analyzed affecting the returns from the main activity of banking institutions aggregated across member states. By sequential use of the regression model and optimization, values representing the local specificities of the individual member-state towards the Union have been reached. Links have been found that suggest a time lag in the effects observed since the crisis in 2008. Both the international banks and the stock market status in the individual member states indicate that international systematically important banks function as a conductor of extreme cross-border phenomena.

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  CORRUPTION IN BUSINESS - PROS AND CONS

  Corruption has been a subject to social construction and reconstruction for a long time. The social dimension of corruption means that this is a phenomenon whose meaning, positive or negative values are determined by people. Corruption changes, since it was already a subject to changes in the past. Therefore, if we currently believe that negative ... Corruption has been a subject to social construction and reconstruction for a long time. The social dimension of corruption means that this is a phenomenon whose meaning, positive or negative values are determined by people. Corruption changes, since it was already a subject to changes in the past. Therefore, if we currently believe that negative effects of corruption is something right and promotes the stability of society, then it is not enough to refer to research, analyses or descriptions of the phenomenon. Even if in certain situations society is forced to offer bribes, lead anti-corruption policy or take specific actions, we have to make moral choices all the time and prove to ourselves that this activity is undesirable, especially in the developed countries. The aim of this article is to analyze and assess the issue of corruption, including topics such as: emergence of corruption, effects of corruption, reducing the level of corruption, Poland against the background of corruption and the correlative analysis of corruption in the world.