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S. Danylina
Virtuality of Fictitious Capital in Modern Conditions
Summary:
The article discusses "financialization" – the process of transformation of financial capital into fictitious and virtual capital and its separation from the real manufacturing sector. It shows a tremendous growth in the financial sector in the last decades of the 20th century and the beginning of the new century and growing segmentation of financial instruments due to financial innovations, aimed, among other things, at evading government regulations, which increase their influence on the trends in the real and financial sector, leading to the creation of conditions for the emergence of financial crises and financial "bubbles". We study the market of derivative securities, its dynamics and impact on the economy of Ukraine.
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Antonio Dichev
DISCRIMINATIVE ABILITY IN ESTIMATING PROBABILITY OF DEFAULT WITH CERTAIN MACHINE LEARNING ALGORITHMS
Summary:
The article highlights the importance and added value of some machine learning algorithms in assessing default probability. The results of the research highlight the discriminative ability added to many other essential aspects of machine learning in assessing credit risk. These aspects can be identified as specific opportunities and challenges. As for the discriminative ability regarding the analysed sample, the results prove the superiority of machine learning over the traditionally established and known models. For individual business organizations with exposures to credit risk, machine learning could contribute to reducing the credit losses with larger volumes of business transactions.
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Ventsislav Dikov
INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL AND MARKET CAPITALIZATION
OF PUBLIC COMPANIES
Summary:
Value creation is the main goal of economic agents operating in capital markets. The subject of research are the intangible fixed assets reflecting the intellectual capital of companies. The object of the article are some current issues regarding the assessment of the influence of intellectual capital on the stock market capitalization of public companies listed on BSE - Sofia. The research hypothesis to be tested is formulated as follows: The dynamics of accounting profit can be explained by changes in intellectual capital records, as evidenced by scientific research having its evolutionary development in theory and practice. The aim is to critically review the literature on intellectual capital, value creation and company performance, identifying positive examples from BSE-Sofia of the impact of changes in intellectual capital on the market capitalization of public companies.
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Dimitar Blagoev, Radostin Boyadzhiev
METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF MANAGEMENT OF PORTFOLIOS OF INVESTMENT PROJECTS FOR REAL ASSETS OF BUSINESS ORGANIZATIONS
Summary:
The article aims to present the potential of the classical portfolio theory and the possibilities for its application in the formation and selection of a portfolio of investment projects for investment in real assets. For this purpose, it reviews and summarizes the views of various authors on key concepts, such as investment, project, investment project, etc. The essential conceptual characteristics of portfolio theory are defined in terms of its methodological and mathematical toolbox and subsequently adapted to a conceptual model (methodological framework) for selection of a portfolio of investment projects for real assets and its optimization according to key criteria set by the management. Finally, its draws conclusions regarding the main advantages and the related constraints of the methodological model.
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Yanko Hristozov
Some Key Issues Regarding the Provision of Solvency
in the Enterprise
Summary:
Liquidity indicators are among the most common and popular financial indicators of solvency in the enterprise. Besides the most commonly used liquidity ratios, the financial cycle provides an additional opportunity to measure the period of total asset turnover and solvency of the company. The purpose of this article is to outline some major issues related to ensuring solvency by taking a range of measures. The problem with the supply of liquidity often stands open for most economic agents, especially during the financial and economic crisis of 21st century. The tasks which are placed are: identification of best practices and formulation of innovative methods in managing the financial cycle in the enterprise and liquidity in general. The research thesis is supported by the claim that liquidity ratios do not provide sufficient information about the payment status of the enterprise for not con-sidering the period of turnover. It is therefore necessary to analyze the state of the financial cycle and implement measures in relation to the improvement of both indicators.
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Nikola Iliev
Risk Attribution – a Model for Establishing the Impact
of Global Risk Factors
Summary:
The global recession that started in the twenty-first century forced investors to invent or re-discover a paradigm for risk treatment. The solution lies in the risk attribution of historical stock return of listed companies in relation to global macroeconomic factors, its decomposition and research in terms of risk exposure and risk premia. The consistency of this approach enables investors to act as risk managers and macro analysts of equity markets and to predict potential sources of risk for companies, the stock exchange, the economy, and the globalizing world.
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Kaloyan Petkov
Testing the Damodaran Approach to Estimate the Cost of Equity
in Emerging Markets
Summary:
The cost of equity is one of the key financial and economic indicators in corporate finance. The purpose of this paper is to test the well-known approach of Damodaran in global emerging markets. The main result of the study is that the Damodaran approach needs to be improved as it maintains constant deviation from the observed ex-post cost of equity.
