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Hristina Blagoycheva
Adjusting Unemployment Benefits to the Economic Cycle
Summary:
As a socio-economic phenomenon, unemployment is intrinsic to any market economy. Unemployment benefits provide incomes to individuals who have lost their jobs and the possibility of bearing the severity of risk collectively. The generosity of unemployment benefits may affect the incentives for searching and accepting a job, as well as the duration of unemployment. They could therefore act as an inbuilt economic stabiliser which is adjusted to a particular economic cycle. The article aims to identify potential pros and cons and examine the extent to which unemployment benefits in Europe and Bulgaria successfully act as inbuilt automatic stabilisers.
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Velichko Adamov
Anatomy of capital provision of investments
Summary:
Capital provision of investments requires serious financial revision of the balance sheet and the statement of income. In this respect, what is justified in this article is the need for structuring and designing a financial statement of the companies, which gives the major indicators, necessary for efficient financial provision and management of investments. A critical analysis of the minimal financial balance has been made and the need for using actual financial equilibrium has been proved. In this way, sound company management is impossible without the constant provision of long-term capital for financing a part of short-term investments.
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Velichko Adamov
AN ANATOMY OF MONETARY EQUILIBRIUM IN THE ECONOMY
Summary:
Monetary equilibrium often indicates stability in an econ¬omy. Most economic disturbances, at any stage of development, stem from breaking the equality between money and the value of goods. The focus of this paper is therefore on the analysis of monetary equilibrium within the context of the quantity theory of money and within the context of contempo¬rary dimensions of economic systems that are, or are not exposed to shocks. The effect of interest and return is examined so as to defend the thesis that breaking monetary equilibrium is almost invariably the result of the subjective decisions of economic agents.
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Atanas Damyanov
The Potential Effects of Political Manoeuvres on European Trade
Summary:
This research paper consists of three parts. Part one presents some essential, semantic and synonymous characteristics of the concept of “effect” and arrives at the conclusion that almost any effect stems from a certain theory related to some scientific field. Part two identifies applicable indicators for measuring the impact of political manoeuvres in European trade and presents a three-vector matrix which consists of political decisions, the size of countries, and indicators/effects. Part three specifies further the effects based on mutual sanctions, namely: the income effect, the boomerang effect, etc. and proposes three possible scenarios for recovering the architecture of European trade which has been developed over the last twenty-five years.
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Angel Angelov
TAX AND SOCIAL INSURANCE BURDEN ON LABOUR FORCE
IN BULGARIA AND THE EUROPEAN UNION
Summary:
Labour and labour-generated income are the main objects of taxation in the modern world. This calls into question fiscal policy implementtation with a view to ensuring sustainability of the labour market and achieving sustainable management of state budgets. To regulate the burden borne by labour as a factor of production is of particular importance for the compete¬tiveness of the economy and providing incentives for the economic agents. The current research focuses on an analysis of the burden of tax and social security contributions in Bulgaria for the period 2007-2023 aiming to identify the trends that resulted from the changes made in the tax and social insurance legislation and the effects of these changes on market participants. The research also aims to compare the burden borne by economic agents in Bulgaria and in the other EU member states.
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Beatris Lyubenova
ECONOMIC INEQUALITY IN BULGARIA IN THE 21ST CENTURY
Summary:
Research of economic inequality underlies the design and implementation of an adequate economic or social policy. This paper presents a survey of income inequality in Bulgaria in the period from 2001 to 2015 by studying the dynamics of the Gini coefficient, the integral coefficient of une¬ven distribution and decile ratios. We prove that despite the increase registered in the values of these indices in some years, the trend towards decreasing inequality is still weak. We also establish that there was significant income polarisation measured through the S90/10 and the S80/20 decile ratios. We prove that it is necessary to study the relation between the growth rate of the median income received by households in the first six deciles and the income received by households in the last four deciles by employing the growth rates ratio.
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Danail Vrachovski
Multi-fund organization of supplementary pension
Summary:
The article is an attempt to study the major issues related to the multi-fund organisation of the pension insurance system in Chile as a social protection model. In a strategic and hypothetical aspect the article reviews, the advantages and disadvantages which may accompany the introduction of the multi-fund system in Bulgaria. The major conclusions regarding the pension model in Bulgaria are related to the opportunities ensuring funds for the supplementary pension insurance at the stages of accumulation and payment of pension benefits.
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Elena Ralinska
Modeling the Sources of Value in Banks and Valuation Through
the Discounted Cash Flow Method
Summary:
We propose an upgrade, adaptation and implementation of a factor model of historical financial analysis, forecasting and valuation of the banking institution through the method of discounted cash flows based on publicly accessible data, which can be applied in the practice. We research the adequacy and plausibility of the approach, its benefits and drawbacks, as we test it on Unicredit Bulbank Ltd, and we apply a comparative valuation app-roach and accounting reference values of control of the obtained results. The research objective is to upgrade and calibrate the model by introducing rest-rictive conditions for forecasting in compliance with the existing regulatory framework and the observations of the practice. For this purpose, we have also introduced a feasible parametrization and we have brought forth relevant recommendations for forecasting the activity of banking financial institutions.
