Economic Archive

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  A holistic approach to examining the shadow economy

  The article provides a brief retrospection of the methods which are applied within the framework of various paradigm approaches for studying and explaining shadow economy practices in Europe and worldwide. The author offers and explains an original methodology for researching shadow economy, based on her experience with one of the Bulgarian teams ... The article provides a brief retrospection of the methods which are applied within the framework of various paradigm approaches for studying and explaining shadow economy practices in Europe and worldwide. The author offers and explains an original methodology for researching shadow economy, based on her experience with one of the Bulgarian teams working in the sphere of measuring illegal economic activities. The article proves that due to the complex and controversial nature of informal economic activities examining them requires the application of a holistic method. For this reason a combined research strategy has been developed. It uses a unified definition of shadow economy and is realized through a system of related sociological surveys while the primary, raw information is obtained through qualitative and quantitative methods. The overall conclusion resulting from the applied research strategy is that the study of shadow economy with the help of sociological approaches is methodologically consistent and constructive – both with respect to obtaining knowledge and the possibilities for developing and correcting national policies.

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  Tax Sovereignty, State Budget, Fiscal Discipline (from an expert and cultural studies viewpoint)

  The three concepts in the title of this article are fundamental to finance in general and to public finances in particular. Throughout their three-century history they have undergone an evolution that can also be assessed as negative. The purpose of this article is three-fold: first, to present the classical definition of these three concepts, ... The three concepts in the title of this article are fundamental to finance in general and to public finances in particular. Throughout their three-century history they have undergone an evolution that can also be assessed as negative. The purpose of this article is three-fold: first, to present the classical definition of these three concepts, second, to reveal the negative deviations from their classical definition, role, and importance and third, to justify the necessity and the expediency to revive their classical dimensions. As public finances in general, and their three categories, subject to examination and comment in this article have not only purely fiscal, but also political and socio-cultural dimensions, we pay the due attention to them, too. As far as all three studied and discussed financial categories are legally regulated, we wish to emphasize the recommendation of Aristotle about persistence of the law because "the easy alteration of existing laws in favor of new and different ones weakens the power of law itself”.

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  Anatomy of capital provision of investments

  Capital provision of investments requires serious financial revision of the balance sheet and the statement of income. In this respect, what is justified in this article is the need for structuring and designing a financial statement of the companies, which gives the major indicators, necessary for efficient financial provision and management of ... Capital provision of investments requires serious financial revision of the balance sheet and the statement of income. In this respect, what is justified in this article is the need for structuring and designing a financial statement of the companies, which gives the major indicators, necessary for efficient financial provision and management of investments. A critical analysis of the minimal financial balance has been made and the need for using actual financial equilibrium has been proved. In this way, sound company management is impossible without the constant provision of long-term capital for financing a part of short-term investments.