Economic Archive

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  METHODOLOGY FOR MITIGARING ENERGY POVERTY IN BULGARIA AND THE EUROPEAN UNION

  In the mid-2000s, an increasing number of articles began to address the need for developing modern energy services in developing countries. These publications, in addition to analyzing the lack of physical access to energy services and its consequences, also discussed the financial inaccessibility of these services. Researchers assessed various ... In the mid-2000s, an increasing number of articles began to address the need for developing modern energy services in developing countries. These publications, in addition to analyzing the lack of physical access to energy services and its consequences, also discussed the financial inaccessibility of these services. Researchers assessed various types of energy resources consumed by households across income deciles to highlight income-based disparities. The World Bank raised the issue of financial inaccessibility to energy on an international level, emphasizing its negative effects on people’s health, children’s education, women’s quality of life, and the environment. Energy accessibility was examined within tools aimed at addressing poverty issues, especially among marginalized groups, rural areas, and other underserved communities.

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  PROOFS OF SEASONALITY OF BULGARIA’S EXPORT OF CONSUMER GOODS, RAW MATERIALS AND PROCESSED MATERIALS OVER THE PERIOD 2020–2023

  A country’s balance of payments determines the degree of openness of its economy. In our case, it is the ratio of the debit and credit entries in the current account to GDP. Data regarding Bulgaria indicate that during the period of its full membership in the EU, the average annual ratio of its balance of trade to GDP exceeds 110%. This ... A country’s balance of payments determines the degree of openness of its economy. In our case, it is the ratio of the debit and credit entries in the current account to GDP. Data regarding Bulgaria indicate that during the period of its full membership in the EU, the average annual ratio of its balance of trade to GDP exceeds 110%. This categorizes the country as an open-type economy. Simultaneously, an economy which is heavily reliant on both exports and imports is considered extremely susceptible to external shocks and strongly dependent on foreign markets. Accordingly, the study focuses on the export of two leading groups of goods within the current account of the balance of payments: the group of consumer goods and the group of raw and processed materials. The research aims to examine the dynamics of export flows using the method of seasonal projection. The working hypothesis is that due to the effect of various crises (such as the pandemic, the war in Ukraine, spiking energy prices, etc.) and the economic cycle in the agricultural sector, the dynamics of exports of consumer goods and raw and processed materials has seasonal characteristics. The objective is to analyse Bulgaria's exports for the period 2020–2023 on a quarterly basis and to define the trend component, the seasonal component, and the random component with a forecast for 2024.

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  STRATEGIC TRANSFORMATION OF TOURISM IN BULGARIA – ECONOMIC RECOVERY AND GROWTH POTENTIAL

  The subject of this study is the tourism sector. The analysis focuses on the strategic transformation in the sector to ensure its economic recovery and realize its growth potential. The research hypothesis posits that recovery in the tourism sector is predicated on amendments of national strategic documents, assessment of consumer and service ... The subject of this study is the tourism sector. The analysis focuses on the strategic transformation in the sector to ensure its economic recovery and realize its growth potential. The research hypothesis posits that recovery in the tourism sector is predicated on amendments of national strategic documents, assessment of consumer and service provider attitudes in the tourism industry taking into account the absolute and relative international advantages and resources of our country which faces strong competition from Greece and Turkey as well as the existing geopolitical challenges. The main task is to analyse macroeconomic data to determine the degree of post-epidemic recovery of the tourism sector as well as to conduct a survey intended to identify possibilities for rebranding and making amendments to national strategic documents to reflect the country’s absolute and relative international advantages and resources. Structurally, the article is divided into two main sections. The first section identifies indicators for assessing the level of post-epidemic recovery of Bulgaria's tourism sector. The second section presents findings from a survey conducted among benchmark economic operators and customers regarding the possibilities for strategic transformation of the tourism sector, including rebranding and digitalization. The conclusion summarizes the findings and presents author’s own critical comments regarding the current state of the tourism sector.