Economic Archive

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  A STUDY OF THE DYNAMICS OF CUSTOMER DEPOSITS AND INVESTMENTS IN FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS IN BULGARIA FOR THE PERIOD 2013–2023

  The globalization of financial markets and the dynamic development of information and communication technologies over the past two decades have become key drivers of significant changes in the financial system. New and increasingly complex financial products and services are emerging, competition among financial institutions is intensifying, and ... The globalization of financial markets and the dynamic development of information and communication technologies over the past two decades have become key drivers of significant changes in the financial system. New and increasingly complex financial products and services are emerging, competition among financial institutions is intensifying, and traditional financial services are becoming digitalised. Many financial products offered today did not even exist a few years ago, and almost all transactions, both at the individual and institutional level, are now conducted electronically at the click of a button. In this environment where there are abundant investment opportunities and simplified access to financial markets, deposits remain the preferred instrument for holding savings. This trend is evident not only in Bulgaria, but also in many other countries. This study focuses on examining deposits and investments in financial instruments in Bulgaria over the period 2013 – 2023.

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  STRATEGIC TRANSFORMATION OF TOURISM IN BULGARIA – ECONOMIC RECOVERY AND GROWTH POTENTIAL

  The subject of this study is the tourism sector. The analysis focuses on the strategic transformation in the sector to ensure its economic recovery and realize its growth potential. The research hypothesis posits that recovery in the tourism sector is predicated on amendments of national strategic documents, assessment of consumer and service ... The subject of this study is the tourism sector. The analysis focuses on the strategic transformation in the sector to ensure its economic recovery and realize its growth potential. The research hypothesis posits that recovery in the tourism sector is predicated on amendments of national strategic documents, assessment of consumer and service provider attitudes in the tourism industry taking into account the absolute and relative international advantages and resources of our country which faces strong competition from Greece and Turkey as well as the existing geopolitical challenges. The main task is to analyse macroeconomic data to determine the degree of post-epidemic recovery of the tourism sector as well as to conduct a survey intended to identify possibilities for rebranding and making amendments to national strategic documents to reflect the country’s absolute and relative international advantages and resources. Structurally, the article is divided into two main sections. The first section identifies indicators for assessing the level of post-epidemic recovery of Bulgaria's tourism sector. The second section presents findings from a survey conducted among benchmark economic operators and customers regarding the possibilities for strategic transformation of the tourism sector, including rebranding and digitalization. The conclusion summarizes the findings and presents author’s own critical comments regarding the current state of the tourism sector.

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  PROOFS OF SEASONALITY OF BULGARIA’S EXPORT OF CONSUMER GOODS, RAW MATERIALS AND PROCESSED MATERIALS OVER THE PERIOD 2020–2023

  A country’s balance of payments determines the degree of openness of its economy. In our case, it is the ratio of the debit and credit entries in the current account to GDP. Data regarding Bulgaria indicate that during the period of its full membership in the EU, the average annual ratio of its balance of trade to GDP exceeds 110%. This ... A country’s balance of payments determines the degree of openness of its economy. In our case, it is the ratio of the debit and credit entries in the current account to GDP. Data regarding Bulgaria indicate that during the period of its full membership in the EU, the average annual ratio of its balance of trade to GDP exceeds 110%. This categorizes the country as an open-type economy. Simultaneously, an economy which is heavily reliant on both exports and imports is considered extremely susceptible to external shocks and strongly dependent on foreign markets. Accordingly, the study focuses on the export of two leading groups of goods within the current account of the balance of payments: the group of consumer goods and the group of raw and processed materials. The research aims to examine the dynamics of export flows using the method of seasonal projection. The working hypothesis is that due to the effect of various crises (such as the pandemic, the war in Ukraine, spiking energy prices, etc.) and the economic cycle in the agricultural sector, the dynamics of exports of consumer goods and raw and processed materials has seasonal characteristics. The objective is to analyse Bulgaria's exports for the period 2020–2023 on a quarterly basis and to define the trend component, the seasonal component, and the random component with a forecast for 2024.