Economic Archive

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  BULGARIA’S INDEPENDENT ENERGY EXCHANGE – POSSIBILITIES FOR RISK MANAGEMENT

  This article discusses the urgent problems of the Bulgarian energy market and its slow transformation from state monopoly to free exchange market. The paper aims at elaborating on the specific aspects of energy trading – basically, and in particular, the characteristics and disproportions imposed by the state and the state-owned energy holdings on ... This article discusses the urgent problems of the Bulgarian energy market and its slow transformation from state monopoly to free exchange market. The paper aims at elaborating on the specific aspects of energy trading – basically, and in particular, the characteristics and disproportions imposed by the state and the state-owned energy holdings on the Bulgarian market. Ever since its establishment in 2014, the Bulgarian Independent Energy Exchange (BIEE) has adopted the model and rules of the north energy exchange – Nord Pool. The arguments for this choice have not been discussed publicly, but the necessity of a well-functioning energy exchange market and the need of its daily transparent activity, already in Bulgaria as well, are accepted as proven. The functioning and reliability of the Bulgarian stock exchange, however, are still the subject of certain discussions. What could have happened if the Bulgarian stock exchange had adopted the model of the European energy exchange – EEE?

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  ECONOMIC ASPECTS AND CHARACTERISTICS OF AGE INEQUALITY IN THE NEW REALITY

  The aim of article is to present the contemporary development of society and related economic inequality. Emphasis is placed on age inequality due to its economic aspects and characteristics. The main focus of the article is on the new reality of economic slowdown and its adverse effect on another contemporary trend – the growing number of retired ... The aim of article is to present the contemporary development of society and related economic inequality. Emphasis is placed on age inequality due to its economic aspects and characteristics. The main focus of the article is on the new reality of economic slowdown and its adverse effect on another contemporary trend – the growing number of retired persons. The results of the study identified a trend which is similar across most EU member states - population aging and inequality of the retired people. Unlike the other member states, old-age inequality in Bulgaria is affected by additional factors, such as the ongoing economic transition, social reforms, and European integration processes.

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  ANALYSIS OF THE FORMATION AND USE OF BUDGETARY POLICIES ENSURING THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF TERRITORIAL UNITS

  The main function of the state in nowadays-civilized world is to maintain the macro-economic proportions throughout the country and avoid financial and economic crises in regions that have priority in the formation of the new economic system in Georgia. The object of the research is the formation and use of Budget policy of Georgia; One of the ... The main function of the state in nowadays-civilized world is to maintain the macro-economic proportions throughout the country and avoid financial and economic crises in regions that have priority in the formation of the new economic system in Georgia. The object of the research is the formation and use of Budget policy of Georgia; One of the most problematic places is socio-economic development of territorial units; As a result of the research it is shown that current economic and political system’s radical transformation process, creation of new economic system and ensuring its efficiency, requires mobilization of huge financial resources, which is impossible without proper functioning of the financial mechanism. This in turn requires implementation of sufficient financial and economic policy. The government should take responsibility of supporting financial-economic independence for territorial units. In the future, the proposed forms of financial mechanisms and features of use for the arrangement and territorial integrity of the government.